Which phrase best represents the two German equivalents for 'doctoral thesis'?

• A. Hausarbeit
• B. Diplomarbeit
• C. Masterarbeit
• D. Dissertation, Doktorarbeit

Answer: (D)

In German, the work that earns a doctorate is typically referred to by two terms: Dissertation and Doktorarbeit. Both describe the doctoral thesis—the substantial research project submitted to obtain the highest university degree. Dissertation is the formal, often official term used in academic writing, while Doktorarbeit is the more everyday way people refer to the same thing. The other options point to different levels or kinds of degrees: Hausarbeit is a course assignment, Diplomarbeit relates to the old Diplom degree, and Masterarbeit is the master’s thesis, not doctoral work.